Specialization might seem essential in the age of AI. But this view in my opinion does not understand the true role of artificial intelligence in the evolution of the human species.
A generalist does not just accumulate superficial notions in multiple domains. It possesses curiosity to explore connections between different domains and is able to tackle novel problems with creativity.
David Epstein distinguishes “wicked” from “kind” environments. “Gentle” environments, with clear patterns and immediate feedback like chess, suit specialists and AI. “Wicked” environments, with ambiguous rules and inconsistent feedback, enhance generalists.
Ancient Athens required (few) citizens to have skills in politics, philosophy, the arts, and military strategy. This system produced remarkable innovations before collapsing under the weight of increasing complexity. (Or under the weight of the empire's tributes, more like). Artificial intelligence makes it possible to rethink this model.
AI greatly enhances the capabilities of generalists:
Provides synthesis and context for new domains
Highlights connections between different domains
Handles routine tasks
Frees up time to solve problems and make connections
Allocation economics
An “allocation economy” emerges where value comes from the effective use of intelligence, not the possession of notions. Success requires the ability to ask relevant questions and combine one's knowledge to arrive at new solutions.
The broad perspective of the generalist becomes extremely relevant. AI excels in processing information within defined parameters, but not in the interdisciplinary insights typical of generalist thinking. Adaptability and cross-disciplinary insight become crucial with the automation of cognitive tasks.
Technology as an ally of the mind
Just as printing amplified human thinking, AI empowers those who reason broadly and adaptively.
AI enhances the ability to:
See the big picture
Make novel connections
Manage uncertainty
Integrate diverse expertise
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